For many years, scientists believed that the sun and the planets revolved around the Earth. He also invented an improved telescope so that he could gaze far into space. Besides inventing the improved telescopes , he also invented the compass and a thermometer.
Galileo decided that he wanted to be a doctor and started to do a medical degree at the University of Pisa but never finished. He ran out of money , and decided that math was what he was most interested in.
We say he invented the improved telescope but what do we mean? Originally, telescopes only had 3x magnification, but he built one that had about 30x magnification. Every time he discovered something new, people never believed him and they debated a lot about him and his claims at this time. Instead, he believed that it was because of how the Earth rotated. So this one was wrong — even super smart people can make mistakes! They came up with the heliocentric model. His assistant opened his own shutter when he saw Galileo's lantern.
Galileo then measured the time it took for his assistant's shutter to open. Knowing the time difference, and the distance between the hills, he tried to estimate the speed of light. However, this did not work. Galileo came to accept the findings of Copernicus, that the Sun was the center of the then-known universe, and not the Earth. Because he promoted this and other ideas, he came to the notice of the Committee of Propaganda, the dreaded Inquisition.
The Church taught that the Earth stood still, while everything in the sky moved around it. The Inquisition ruled in that other theories could only be discussed as possibilities, not facts. Galileo said he would obey. He played a major part in the scientific revolution through this argument. Galileo later discussed the question in his most famous work, Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems , published in by permission of the Inquisition.
His scientific writing was usually in Latin for hundreds of scientists around Europe, but this was one of the books he wrote in Italian so thousands of Italians could read it. The book was in the form of conversations between three men. The man representing the Church's point of view was called 'Simplicio'. Church leaders who liked his earlier books were angry at this one. The Inquisition took action in He was arrested and put on trial.
They found him " vehemently suspect of heresy ". They reminded him of the fate of Giordano Bruno , who had been burnt at the stake for heresy on topics such as transubstantiation and the Trinity.
Bruno also believed the Earth went round the Sun and stars had planets. The Inquisition forced Galileo to recant say he was wrong under the threat of execution , and to withdraw his works from publication. Galileo spent the last ten years of his life under house arrest. Galileo continued to write about physics and other topics, but not astronomy.
Galileo has become synonymous with a warrior for scientific truth. Although he had to retract his writings at his trial,it is widely believed that after the trial he insisted that Earth does move around the sun, saying the famous phrase " Eppur si muove' — still it moves.
The saying itself became a slogan for science. Previously, he was buried in a small room next to the novices' chapel at the end of a corridor. Later, he was reburied in the main body of the basilica in after a monument had been built there in his honour.
Portrait, attributed to Murillo, of Galileo gazing at the words "E pur si muove" And yet it moves not legible in this image scratched on the wall of his prison cell. Galileo starts teaching mathematics at the University of Padau.
Galileo invents the thermometer. Galileo invents the geometric compass. Galileo develops a telescope which can magnify up to 3x. Galileo discovers the four moons of Jupiter. Galileo is tried and convicted of heresy. He is imprisoned. Galileo is allowed to continue his prison sentence under house arrest in his own home. Galileo goes blind. Galileo invents the pendulum clock. Galileo dies on the 8th January in Tuscany, Italy.
Boost Your Child's Learning Today! Trial it for FREE today. While studying medicine Galileo decided to become a monk, but soon left the monastery he had joined in order to study mathematics. He became interested in mathematics after accidentally attending a lecture on geometry. Galileo thought that the tides on the Earth were caused by the rotation of the Earth rather than anything to do with the moon as had been suggested by Kepler.
Although Galileo never married he did have three children with a woman called Marina Gambia — two daughters and a son. His two daughters became nuns and Galileo used to fix things at the convent where they lived. As a young man, Galileo was fascinated by the pendulum movement of a chandelier he was watching. This ultimately led him to his work on a pendulum clock.
Have a go at this quiz about Galileo Watch "Galileo" in a Horrible Histories song, The Earth Goes Round the Sun Song Build a model of the solar system Conduct virtual versions of Galileo's experiments , including those using an inclined plane and a pendulum.
Do some sky at night exploration yourself, using a telescope. Watch a scientist recreate Galileo's experiment at the Leaning Tower of Pisa which disproved Aristotle's hypothesis that the speed at which an object falls depends on its mass.
Sir Isaac Newton.
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