Although the difference between Boron's electronegativity 2. This results in an overall structure that is generally nonpolar in character. You may have observed that this structure for BF3 seems to violate the octate rule specifically for the central Boron atom which only has six electrons in its valence shell.
These are generally called incomplete octets and are formed due to the low electronegativity of Boron. Therefore, it is simply assumed that the structure with the incomplete octet is a more stable configuration. Answer :. Related Answer.
The ionic compounds are soluble in polar solvents but isoluble in non-polar solvents-why? Acetaldehyde is polar and benzene is non-polar. But benzene boils at higher temperature. Why are lipids soluble in non-polar solvents? Which of the following arrangement of molecule is correct on the basis of their dipole moment?
BF3, also known as Boron Trifluoride, is an inorganic chemical compound which is a colorless gas with a pungent smell. Students often get confused regarding the polarity or non-polarity of BF3 Boron Trifluoride due to the presence of three Fluorine atoms which have a very high electronegativity value when compared to the Boron atom.
So, is BF3 polar or non-polar? It has a Trigonal Planar geometry which cancels out the dipole moments of the three BF bonds making the resultant Dipole Moment of the compound equal to 0 Zero. To answer our question, we will analyze various factors, responsible for polarity, with respect to BF3. We can see that each F Fluorine atom has 3 lone pairs of electrons thus the molecular structure is balanced and symmetric.
The electronegativity of B Boron is 2. To determine if a bond is polar or not we must find out the difference between the electronegativity values of the two atoms sharing a bond. The difference between the electronegativity values of B and F is equal to 1.
It means that the electrons are not shared equally by the two atoms B and F instead they are pulled towards F Fluorine. However, we must keep in mind that bond polarity is different from overall molecule polarity.
The three bonds of B-F in BF3 Boron Trifluoride are polar as discussed above and thus they have a bond dipole moment as shown below:. But the highly symmetrical structure and geometry of BF3 Boron Trifluoride , as discussed earlier, allows the bond dipole moments to be canceled such that the resultant Molecular Dipole Moment is equal to 0 Zero.
To find out whether a given molecule is polar or non-polar, we must also understand the factors which are responsible for the polarity of a molecule. These factors are explained below in detail. The polarity of a molecule is very much dependent on its structure and geometry.
As the bond angle between the bonds determines if the resultant dipole moment of the overall molecule is equal to 0 Zero or not.
The Lewis structure of the molecule gives us an overview of all the lone pairs of electrons that are present in the molecule.
If these lone pairs of electrons remain unbalanced i. For more detailed information, you must also check out the article written on BF3 Lewis Structure, Molecular Geometry, and Hybridization. It can be defined as the capability or the force with which an atom of an element pulls the shared electrons of a bond towards itself making the sharing as unequal.
The higher the electronegativity of an atom, the more tendency it has to attract the shared electron pairs of a bond towards itself. It is decided by two factors, firstly, the atomic number of the atom and secondly, the distance which is present between the valence electrons of an atom and its positively charged nucleus.
A periodic table of electronegativity of elements has been given by Linus Pauling. According, to which Fluorine element has the highest electronegativity equal to 3.
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